$13
B.U.N. Igwe & A. Fadahunsi
CODESRIA, 1994, 204 p.,
ISBN : 1-870784-07-3 (cased)
Les défis du développement local au Sénégal
Le présent ouvrage se veut une analyse sans complaisance de la politique de décentralisation en milieu rural au Sénégal, mettant en exergue son incapacité à promouvoir le développement local qui est pourtant sa principale raison d’être dans un contexte de pauvreté. Pour identifier les raisons des lacunes, l’auteur va au-delà des textes et explore la compatibilité du comportement sociologique des acteurs et du contexte culturel avec la poursuite des objectifs de développement local. Mais il existe bien des solutions à la léthargie des acteurs concernés et à la faible envergure des initiatives entreprises. Elles devraient être recherchées dans la mobilisation méthodique et citoyenne autour d’actions plus ambitieuses, plus adaptées aux terroirs respectifs, quoique ouvertes sur la modernité et parfaitement ancrées dans la culture du résultat.
Les rapports sociaux de genre connaissent depuis quelques années des mutations significatives en Afrique et dans le monde. En effet, la vague de démocratisation qui souffle sur le continent depuis le début des années quatre-vingts et les transitions politiques qui en découlent engendrent une participation croissante des femmes dans la sphère publique. Sur le plan économique, les femmes déploient de nombreuses stratégies afin de s’assurer une certaine autonomie financière et, partant une capacité à s’affirmer au sein du ménage qui relèverait du domaine privé. Mais en même temps, les rapports sociaux de genre dans les sphères publique et privée restent encore marquées par la discrimination, l’inégalité, et la violence dont la majorité des victimes seraient des femmes.
Academic Freedom and the Social Responsibilities of Academics in Tanzania (Printed)
When the Dar es Salaam Declaration on Academic Freedom and Social Responsibility of Academics came up in the early 1990s, African higher-education systems were in a serious, multi-dimensional and long-standing crisis. Hand-in-hand with the imbalances and troubles that rocked and ruined African economies, the crisis in the academia was characterised by the collapse of infrastructures, inadequate teaching personnel and poor staff development and motivation. It was against this background that the questions of academic freedom and the responsibilities and autonomy of institutions of higher-learning were raised in the Dar es Salaam Declaration. In February 2005, the University of Dar es Salaam Staff Association (UDASA), in cooperation with CODESRIA, organised a workshop to bring together the staff associations of some public and private universities in Tanzania, in order to renew their commitment to the basic principles of the Dar es Salaam Declaration and its sister document – the Kampala Declaration on Intellectual Freedom and Social Responsibility. The workshop was also aimed at re-invigorating the social commitment of African intellectuals. The papers included in this volume reflect the depth and potentials of the debates that took place during the workshop. The volume is published in honour of Chachage Seithy L. Chachage, who was an active part of the workshop but unfortunately passed away in 2006.
The Military and Militarism in Africa (Ebook)
Although all authoritarian regimes in Africa are not military in character, the question of the military has been central to the current issue of democratization on the continent. The contributions in this volume deal neither with the definitive erosion of the military and civil authoritarianism, nor with the inexorable march toward democracy but with what appears in retrospect to be a less clear-cut and more open-ended state of transition, located ambiguously between the crisis of authoritarianism and the prospect for democracy on the continent. The contributors emphasize the uneven patterns and forms of militarisation in Africa but within and between regimes.
This is the first title in a new series Interventions, a strategic initiative by CODESRIA, aimed at promoting the research output of the younger generation of academics and scholars in Africa, and encouraging the exchange of ideas and experiences between young researchers about African issues. The series intends to create an opportunity for a younger generation of Africans, which is of key demographic importance, to become more engaged in public and/or academic debates about the future of their continent.
“This is a major intellectual intervention since the neo-liberalisation of our universities which has had devastating effect on intellectual freedom, critical thought and creativity. It is my hope that the essays in this book will rekindle the debate on the University as a public space and reignite the struggle to reclaim education as the commons and not a commodity for sale.”
Issa Shivji, Professor Emeritus, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
“The essays composing this book are an excellent illustration of how, through an exercise of interdisciplinarity, it is possible to combine theory and practice in the analysis of the context of knowledge production on the continent, addressing themes that are fundamental to African academics. The questions raised become more important in the context of an uncertain future generated by the threats
from COVID-19, which force us to rethink our institutions and their role, but also to permanently find alternatives to produce scientific knowledge from within.”
Professor Teresa Cruz e Silva, Centro de Estudos Africanos,
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
Developing a Sustainable Economy in Cameroon is an ambitious effort as the authors try to set a blue print for Cameroon’s economy. In the 1980s facing economic crisis, and as dictated by the structural adjustment programme, Cameroon sharply cut public investment expenditures before later cutting government consumption which were followed by privatisation, liquidation of public companies and reduction in the size of the public sector. All these measures are believed to have had devastating effects on the economy. Given the performance of the economy so far the authors suggest that much more effort, with a strong commitment of the main stakeholders, is required to guarantee sustainable economic development in Cameroon. Truly, very few countries in Africa possess such enormous human and natural resources as Cameroon does. This volume brings out the challenges Cameroon faces in its quest for development as well as for designing appropriate strategies for addressing those development challenges.
Le quota est mort, vive le quota! Ou les vicissitudes de la réglementation de l’exploitation du charbon de bois au Sénégal (Printed)
Birago Diop nous rappelait déjà que « les morts ne sont pas morts! » Cette vérité hypothétique est peut-être valable pour le quota. En effet, malgré son élimination juridique, le quota résiste et continue d’exister. Sa « mort » annoncée tarde à se réaliser. La question n’est plus de savoir si le quota doit « mourir ». Sa « mort » est prononcée comme une sentence que le « bourreau » n’ose pas exécuter. La question est plutôt de savoir combien de temps va encore durer la « lutte contre la mort » que le quota a engagée. Le quota est « mort » juridiquement. Mais il a survécu dans la pratique. Aussi, le quota est-il à l’image d’un être « vivant surnaturel ». Il est né, a vécu, est mort et est ressuscité. Si sa naissance a été précipitée et sa vie tumultueuse, sa mort, elle, a été programmée et sa résurrection était prévisible. En fait, en 1996, le Sénégal se dote d’un code des collectivités locales qui prévoit le transfert de compétences de l’État vers les collectivités locales ; parmi ces compétences, la gestion de l’environnement et des ressources naturelles. Le code forestier de 1998 a clairement exprimé la volonté du législateur de consacrer la décentralisation forestière. C’est ainsi que le système du quota devait être supprimé depuis le 21 février 2001. Il devait être remplacé par l’aménagement qui transfère les compétences de gestion de l’exploitation forestière aux élus locaux. Cependant, les plans d’aménagement ont du mal à se concrétiser. Si, le code forestier du Sénégal de 1998 constitue un cadre propice pour réaliser une décentralisation dans le secteur forestier, conformément à la décentralisation politico-administrative, la décentralisation forestière reste inachevée. Elle reste bloquée en large partie par la survivance du système des quotas.
Let the people speak : Tanzania Down the Road to Neo-liberalism
The African national project has been defeated, and the imperial/globalisation project is on the offensive. And yet, as Issa Shivji, one of Africa’s most distinguished public intellectuals, argues in this collection of essays, there is bound to be a backlash – witness Latin America. African scholars are already debating the resurgence of nationalism and Pan-Africanism, and searching for alternative paths of development and democracy.
The ninety essays contained in this book are selected by the author from his writings published in newspaper columns during the period 1990-2005, a critical time in Tanzania that witnessed the rise and fall of nationalism, and transition to and consolidation of neo-liberalism. The essays give an overview of the intellectual history and traditions in Tanzania, one of the few countries in Africa which can still boast of political stability and reasonable openness. The writings reflect the hopes and fears of the progressive intellectual community, and project a strong sense of the enduring ideas and values in the period. The author’s aims are to recover the history of the recent past in Tanzania, build a narrative of where the country is coming from, and provide a historical understanding of the events and climate of the present.
The essays give an overview of the intellectual history and traditions in Tanzania, one of the few countries in Africa which can still boast of political stability and reasonable openness. The writings reflect the hopes and fears of the progressive intellectual community, and project a strong sense of the enduring ideas and values in the period. The author’s aims are to recover the history of the recent past in Tanzania, build a narrative of where the country is coming from, and provide a historical understanding of the events and climate of the present.
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