$13
B.U.N. Igwe & A. Fadahunsi
CODESRIA, 1994, 204 p.,
ISBN : 1-870784-07-3 (cased)
Academic Freedom and the Social Responsibilities of Academics in Tanzania (Printed)
When the Dar es Salaam Declaration on Academic Freedom and Social Responsibility of Academics came up in the early 1990s, African higher-education systems were in a serious, multi-dimensional and long-standing crisis. Hand-in-hand with the imbalances and troubles that rocked and ruined African economies, the crisis in the academia was characterised by the collapse of infrastructures, inadequate teaching personnel and poor staff development and motivation. It was against this background that the questions of academic freedom and the responsibilities and autonomy of institutions of higher-learning were raised in the Dar es Salaam Declaration. In February 2005, the University of Dar es Salaam Staff Association (UDASA), in cooperation with CODESRIA, organised a workshop to bring together the staff associations of some public and private universities in Tanzania, in order to renew their commitment to the basic principles of the Dar es Salaam Declaration and its sister document – the Kampala Declaration on Intellectual Freedom and Social Responsibility. The workshop was also aimed at re-invigorating the social commitment of African intellectuals. The papers included in this volume reflect the depth and potentials of the debates that took place during the workshop. The volume is published in honour of Chachage Seithy L. Chachage, who was an active part of the workshop but unfortunately passed away in 2006.
Les rapports sociaux de genre connaissent depuis quelques années des mutations significatives en Afrique et dans le monde. En effet, la vague de démocratisation qui souffle sur le continent depuis le début des années quatre-vingts et les transitions politiques qui en découlent engendrent une participation croissante des femmes dans la sphère publique. Sur le plan économique, les femmes déploient de nombreuses stratégies afin de s’assurer une certaine autonomie financière et, partant une capacité à s’affirmer au sein du ménage qui relèverait du domaine privé. Mais en même temps, les rapports sociaux de genre dans les sphères publique et privée restent encore marquées par la discrimination, l’inégalité, et la violence dont la majorité des victimes seraient des femmes.
Education and Financing in Africa : The Kenyan Case Study
The Kenya study, part of a series of case studies by the Education and Finance Working Group, explores ways of reinforcing the capacity and competence of the Ministry of Education in Kenya in building a framework for collaboration, information exchange and the optimal use of financial resources. The series analyses the best practices used in managing and allocating resources, and evaluating the education sector.
The study further highlights challenges in determining who should finance what in the cost-sharing scheme, how to counter the imbalance in allocations between personnel and non personnel salaries, poor management of resources and lack of accountability, and effectively handle centralised budgeting and management systems and the weaknesses in the harmonisation of policy, planning and budgeting. The study is rich in detail and offers original directions for a comparison with other African experiences.
Kenya: The Struggle for Democracy (Printed)
« Riveting, compelling, engaging and inspiring… Not only is Kenya : The Struggle for Democracy a book of first-rate scholarship, it is an informative and readable treatise on the everyday expressions of Kenyan citizens’ intense passion for openness, justice and responsible governance ». Lisa Aubrey, Ohio University « A very refreshing, rigorous, informative and multidisciplinary analysis of Kenya’s transition to democratic governance, Kenya : The Struggle for Democracy not only identifies the reasons behind Kenya’s failure to institutionalise democracy, but it also provides possible solutions ». John Mukum Mbaku, Willard L. Eccles Professor of Economics and John S. Hinckley Fellow, Weber State University « A moving and comprehensive analysis of institutions and actors that have shaped Kenya’s future… For Africanists, this is compulsory reading which requires a response ». Winnie Mitullah, University of Nairobi.
Law and justice in a Multicultural Society: The case of Mozambique (Printed)
This book presents the main results of a research project on the systems of justice in Mozambique, undertaken under the auspices of the country’s Supreme Court, in academic partnership with the Center for African Studies at Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique and the Centre for Social Studies at the School of Economics, Coimbra University, Portugal. It is dedicated to the memory of the internationally renowned Mozambican economist and Professor of Development Studies, José Guilherme Negrão. Although he died prematurely, Negrão collaborated in this project, and authored the final chapter dealing with the vexed question of land.
Until the onset of Portuguese colonisation towards the end of the nineteenth century, the peoples of Mozambique did not live under a single political entity. Rather, they existed as independent entities with various forms of political and social organisation. The twentieth century saw a consolidation of colonial rule, and important changes in the organisation of power. After independence, new Eurocentric political-legal cultures were added to the existing mix of legal orders. The distinctions between the colonial law and indigenous customary law became increasingly blurred, such that Mozambique now constitutes a heterogeneous state composed of a mosaic of legal hybrids, incorporating local/indigenous customary practices and religious law, as well as state civil law.
Departing from a broad understanding of law in Mozambique, this work analyses the complex network of judicial systems by interrogating the roles of the entities intervening in the system in colonial and postcolonial contexts. The main objective is to promote an empirically sound and dynamic understanding of the relationships between the multiple judicial entities present in the country within the context of cultural transformation in Africa. Overall, the book is intended as a contribution to current debates on the formation of the state in Mozambique from the nineteenth century.
The authors further considers the alternative mechanisms of conflict resolution taking place in the complexity of different legal rationalities: the remains of the Portuguese legal codes, socialist policies, customary law, religious systems and Western constitutionalism.
Africa and the Challenges of Citizenry and Inclusion: The Legacy of Mario de Andrade (Printed)
At the 11th General Assembly of CODESRIA, held in Maputo in December 2005, Carlos Lopes presented the Cheikh Anta Diop Lecture on “Africa and the Challenges of Citizenry and Inclusion”, through the legacy of Mario de Andrade of Angola.
He discusses the life and times of Mário Andrade; African nationalism and its revolutionary proposals; and the triumphs and vicissitudes of Negritude and Pan-Africanism. He analyses the consequences for a country’s citizenry, inclusion and respect for identities, and concludes with implications for African intellectuals. Like Mário Andrade, who abhorred the rites associated with power and despaired at exclusionary notions of citizenship, Lopes is critical of narrow nationalism that jeopardises pan-Africanism, and calls on African intellectuals to denounce these practices in the interest of universal identity rights, based on the principle that development brings with it greater opportunities and freedom of choice.
Les tendances de gouvernance en Afrique de l’Ouest en 2006 : Un rapport de synthèse / Governance Trends in West Africa, 2006 : A Synthesis Report (Printed)
D’un point de vue historique, la région de l’Afrique de l’Ouest se distingue comme l’une des régions les plus dynamiques du continent africain. Elle est le résultat d’un long processus souvent contradictoire et toujours contesté de formation, de dissolution et de recomposition d’un État. Ce processus ayant été accompagné, à différentes étapes, de larges mouvements des populations, la sous-région a dû résoudre un certain nombre de préoccupations tenaces et centrales liées à la gouvernance. À des degrés divers, celles-ci ont contribué à forger et à caractériser les systèmes d’État contemporains ainsi que les cultures politiques qui les sous-ten- dent. Elles vont des règles de base pour la constitution des communautés politiques aux modes d’administration des territoires politiquement constitués, en passant par les processus d’intégration des nouvelles populations et d’obtention de leur adhésion. Ces préoccupations se sont étendues aux systèmes d’équilibre des pouvoirs dans l’exercice du pouvoir politique, à l’articulation des droits et obligations des citoyens ainsi qu’à la définition et l’opérationnalisation des règles de succession politique. À bien des égards, la sous-région, depuis le début de l’histoire des formations politiques de l’Afrique de l’Ouest à nos jours, a été régulièrement confrontée à ces questions cruciales, simplement articulées sur le temps, dans des contextes locaux ou mondiaux (qualitativement) différents. Les chercheurs ont, depuis de nombreuses années, cherché à trouver les cadres interprétatifs appropriés pour comprendre la dynamique de la gouvernance en Afrique de l’Ouest – et ailleurs dans le monde en développement. Force est de constater que ces efforts sont, dans la plupart des cas, des tentatives de voir l’Afrique de l’Ouest à travers le regard des autres et non d’analyser les processus complexes qui s’y déroulent comme des résultats contradictoires du contexte et de l’histoire qui doivent être compris en tant que tels et dans ces circonstances spécifiques. Même si le rapport, objet de cette publication n’est pas de critiquer les principaux concepts et théories de la gouvernance, il faut d’ores et déjà avouer qu’il remet indirectement en question les approches qui, pour faire comprendre la gouvernance en Afrique de l’Ouest, procèdent exclusivement ou en premier lieu, en établissant des analogies avec les expériences historiques vécues par d’autres – en particulier, l’Europe et les États-Unis – ou en modélisant ces expériences pour en faire des normes internationales dont on voudrait se servir pour valider ou invalider toute autre expérience de gouvernance.
Higher Education in Africa:Crises, Reforms and Transformation/ Enseignement supérieur en afrique francophone: crises, reformes et transformations (Printed)
This book provides theoretical tools for analysing contemporary African higher education systems and institutions. It also examines policy challenges and the prospects for social progress. It points to critical areas of investigation for the CODESRIA Multinational Working Group (MWG) research network on higher education. Conceived as a background text for this network, the book traces the historical roots and the global factors of the African higher education crises and the search for transformation to address issues of legitimacy and relevance. It analyses the origins, nature, and mission of African higher education, the problems associated with cultural colonization and the dependency trap, the local/global nexus in the crises with a special attention to the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs), and the various waves of reforms and innovations. Furthermore, the book presents a synopsis of studies that were conducted on the crises, highlighting both their findings and recommendations.
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