$13
B.U.N. Igwe & A. Fadahunsi
CODESRIA, 1994, 204 p.,
ISBN : 1-870784-07-3 (cased)
Les rapports sociaux de genre connaissent depuis quelques années des mutations significatives en Afrique et dans le monde. En effet, la vague de démocratisation qui souffle sur le continent depuis le début des années quatre-vingts et les transitions politiques qui en découlent engendrent une participation croissante des femmes dans la sphère publique. Sur le plan économique, les femmes déploient de nombreuses stratégies afin de s’assurer une certaine autonomie financière et, partant une capacité à s’affirmer au sein du ménage qui relèverait du domaine privé. Mais en même temps, les rapports sociaux de genre dans les sphères publique et privée restent encore marquées par la discrimination, l’inégalité, et la violence dont la majorité des victimes seraient des femmes.
Academic Freedom and the Social Responsibilities of Academics in Tanzania (Printed)
When the Dar es Salaam Declaration on Academic Freedom and Social Responsibility of Academics came up in the early 1990s, African higher-education systems were in a serious, multi-dimensional and long-standing crisis. Hand-in-hand with the imbalances and troubles that rocked and ruined African economies, the crisis in the academia was characterised by the collapse of infrastructures, inadequate teaching personnel and poor staff development and motivation. It was against this background that the questions of academic freedom and the responsibilities and autonomy of institutions of higher-learning were raised in the Dar es Salaam Declaration. In February 2005, the University of Dar es Salaam Staff Association (UDASA), in cooperation with CODESRIA, organised a workshop to bring together the staff associations of some public and private universities in Tanzania, in order to renew their commitment to the basic principles of the Dar es Salaam Declaration and its sister document – the Kampala Declaration on Intellectual Freedom and Social Responsibility. The workshop was also aimed at re-invigorating the social commitment of African intellectuals. The papers included in this volume reflect the depth and potentials of the debates that took place during the workshop. The volume is published in honour of Chachage Seithy L. Chachage, who was an active part of the workshop but unfortunately passed away in 2006.
This innovative work is the first CODESRIA has published in Portuguese, and the first scholarly work the institution has published on the politics, economics and societies of the Portuguese-speaking African countries, authored by social scientists from those countries. In its engagement with the Portuguese-speaking social science communities in Africa, the publication represents an important milestone for CODESRIA, and a symbolic moment in the development of Lusophone studies on the continent. The collection of essays grew out of CODESRIA’s ‘Lusophonia’ initiative, launched at an international symposium in May 2005 which brought together over 60 academics, mostly from the Lusophone African countries, as well as from African studies institutions in Portugal and Brazil, to reflect on the history, democracy and integration of the Portuguese speaking countries. The objectives of the Lusophonia initiative are to give a voice to social scientists from Portuguese speaking countries; centre debates on the priorities identified by the local academic communities; establish an integrated body of researchers based in the Portuguese speaking countries and integrate these into CODESRIA’s wider research programmes to the benefit of the wider research communities; and to strengthen capacity in the social sciences and comparative studies in the Lusophone environment in Africa.
As the twenty first century unfolds, African universities are undergoing change and confronting challenges which are unprecedented. The effects of globalisation, and political and economic pressures of liberalisation and privatisation, both internal and external, are reconfiguring all aspects of university life: teaching, research, and their public service functions; such that the need to redefine the roles of the African universities, and to defend their importance have become paramount. At the same time, the universities must themselves balance demands of autonomy and accountability, expansion and excellence, diversification and differentiation, and internationalisation and indigenisation. In a climate in which scholarship and production are increasingly dependent on ICTs, and are becoming globalised, the universities must address the challenges of knowledge production and dissemination. The need to indigenise global scholarship, to their own requirements, meanwhile is ever- pressing.
Décentralisation sans représentation: Le charbon de bois entre les collectivités locales et l’Etat
La présente étude porte sur deux villages d’une collectivité locale du Sénégal. Elle consiste en une analyse de la problématique de la représentation politique locale, à travers la production de charbon de bois dans une forêt dont la gestion est dévolue aux élus locaux depuis la loi de la décentralisation, en 1996, par le biais des compétences transférées. Cette étude montre que si l’on retient comme critère l’obligation des élus de rendre compte aux administrés villageois et de répondre à leurs aspirations, en matière d’exploitation forestière, l’effet politique de la décentralisation est plutôt faible en termes de promotion de la démocratie locale. D’autre part, la répartition déséquilibrée des pouvoirs et ressources entre l’État et la collectivité locale explique, dans une certaine mesure, la faible efficacité des élus locaux en matière forestière, ainsi que les dysfonctionnements du couple déconcentration/- décentralisation. En matière d’exploitation forestière, l’action publique locale reste limitée par le poids des intérêts partisans, le manque de transparence et de répartition claire des rôles et responsabilités au sein du conseil rural. Le document se termine par un certain nombre de recommandations dont la mise en application devrait aider à améliorer la GRN au niveau des communautés rurales, notamment en rendant les conseillers ruraux plus responsables vis-à-vis de ceux qui les ont élus.
Ibbo Mandaza
CODESRIA, 1992, 532 p.
ISBN : 2-86978-003-6 (broché)
Le présent ouvrage fait suite à un débat sur cette question, au cours d’un colloque co-organisé par l’Unesco et le Centre africain des hautes études de Porto-Novo sur « La rencontre des rationalités » tenu à Porto-Novo, au Bénin, en septembre 2002, à l’occasion de la 26ème assemblée générale du Conseil international de la philosophie et des sciences humaines (CIPSH). Ont participé à ce débat plusieurs célébrités dont Richard Rorty des États-Unis, Meinrad Hebga du Cameroun, Harris Memel-Fotê de Côte d’Ivoire, et plus de soixante-dix philosophes, historiens, anthropologues, critiques littéraires, psychanalystes provenant de plusieurs pays.
The Egypt study by the Education and Finance Working Group of CODESRIA provides a three-part well documented in-depth analysis of the financing of all levels of education of Egypt. Part I of the study highlights the economic, social, and political context of education, presents a historical perspective on the various educational policies formulated and implemented under the different regimes that ruled Egypt from the beginning of the 19th century till the liberalization and privatization era of the early 1970s, provides an in-depth account of education finance, budgetary procedures at the local educational directorates, underscores issues plaguing the financing of education, and suggests solutions for the improvement of educational finance in Egypt. Part II presents a monograph that analyzes teachers’ wages and suggests alternatives to alleviate their negative impact. Part III is a reporting on the operations related to the construction and the management of school buildings with a special emphasis on their costs.
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